This course provides an in-depth exploration of the juvenile justice system in the United States, focusing on the legal principles, policies, and institutional frameworks that govern the treatment of youth accused of violating the law. It traces the historical origins of the juvenile court, examines the philosophical underpinnings of rehabilitation and accountability, and surveys the full trajectory of juvenile justice proceedings—from arrest and detention through adjudication, disposition, and reentry.
Emphasis is placed on constitutional rights of juveniles, the due process revolution, the distinction between juvenile and adult systems, and contemporary debates around racial disparities, school-to-prison pipelines, youth incarceration, and emerging neuroscience. Comparative international perspectives and reform efforts aimed at restorative and community-based justice models are also covered.
Course Objectives:
By the end of this course, students will be able to:
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Understand the historical evolution and legal foundations of the juvenile justice system.
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Analyze the constitutional rights of juveniles during various stages of the legal process.
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Evaluate procedural distinctions between juvenile and adult courts.
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Critically assess the effectiveness and equity of current juvenile justice practices.
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Examine the impact of race, gender, socioeconomic status, and trauma on system-involved youth.
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Explore alternatives to detention, diversion programs, and restorative justice models.
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Understand current policy debates and reform movements shaping the future of juvenile justice.
